In electrical terms, what does 'AC' stand for?

'AC' stands for Alternating Current, which is a type of electrical current that periodically reverses direction. In an AC circuit, the voltage alternates in polarity, meaning that it switches from positive to negative and back again, typically in a sinusoidal waveform. This is in contrast to direct current (DC), where the electric charge flows in a single direction.

Alternating current is widely used for power distribution because it is more efficient for long-distance transmission. The ability to easily transform AC voltages makes it possible to transmit electricity over long distances and then reduce it to safer levels for use in homes and businesses. This characteristic is essential in a wide range of applications, from household appliances to industrial machinery.

The other choices refer to concepts that are not standard definitions in electrical terminology. "Alternating Charge" is not used to characterize current and wouldn't accurately describe the behavior of AC. "Applied Current" is a term that might refer to current applied to a circuit but does not represent the AC concept itself. "Active Charge" is also not a recognized term in the field of electrical theory as it does not denote a specific type of current.