Name a common type of electrical transformer used to step down voltage.

The commonly used type of electrical transformer to step down voltage is known as a buck transformer, which is designed specifically for reducing voltage levels. Buck transformers operate on the principle of electromagnetic induction, where the number of turns of wire in the primary coil is greater than in the secondary coil. This configuration allows the transformer to effectively decrease the voltage from the primary to the secondary side while simultaneously increasing the current.

In practical applications, buck transformers are crucial in power distribution systems and electrical devices that require lower voltage for safe operation. They ensure that equipment receives the proper voltage levels while maintaining efficiency in energy transfer. The design allows for flexibility in various voltage reduction requirements, accommodating different load demands.

Other transformer types may have different functions; for instance, step-up transformers increase voltage, isolation transformers provide safety by isolating circuits without altering voltage, and auto transformers can step up or down voltage but are not as distinctively effective in stepping down only. Understanding the unique properties and purposes of these transformers aids in selecting the appropriate type for specific electrical applications.