What is the power loss in a 120V circuit with a 3% voltage drop and a current flow of 12A?

To determine the power loss due to a voltage drop in the circuit, we first need to calculate the voltage drop itself. In a 120V circuit with a 3% voltage drop, the voltage drop can be calculated as follows:

Voltage Drop = Total Voltage × Percentage Drop

Voltage Drop = 120V × 0.03 = 3.6V

Next, to find the power loss caused by this voltage drop, we can use the power formula where power (P) is the product of the current (I) and the voltage drop (V):

Power Loss = Current × Voltage Drop

Power Loss = 12A × 3.6V = 43.2W

This calculation shows that the power loss in the circuit is indeed 43.2W, which corresponds to the first choice provided in the options. This method of calculating power loss is based on the relationship between voltage, current, and power, demonstrating how voltage loss due to resistance or distance in electrical systems can result in power loss.