What is the purpose of an inverter in electrical systems?

The purpose of an inverter in electrical systems is to convert direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC). This process is essential in many applications, such as solar power systems where photovoltaic panels generate DC electricity. Many appliances and devices run on AC power, so this conversion is necessary to effectively utilize the energy produced by such sources. Inverters play a crucial role in making renewable energy more accessible by allowing DC-generated electricity to power standard household devices that require AC. They also facilitate the integration of renewable energy into the electrical grid, which typically operates on AC.

Other options, while related to electrical concepts, do not define an inverter's function. For instance, converting AC to DC is the role of a rectifier, measuring resistance involves the use of an ohmmeter, and controlling current flow typically pertains to devices such as relays or transistors.