What two parameters characterize a sine wave?

A sine wave is characterized by two primary parameters: amplitude and frequency. Amplitude refers to the maximum value or height of the wave, which indicates the strength or intensity of the signal. In terms of electrical signals, it can be related to voltage levels in AC circuits. Frequency represents the number of cycles per second that the wave completes, measured in hertz (Hz). It describes how quickly the wave oscillates over time.

Choosing amplitude and frequency as the defining parameters for a sine wave captures both the intensity of the wave and its oscillation rate, making it essential for understanding various applications in electrical theory, such as in AC circuit analysis where both parameters play critical roles in determining performance and behavior.